The Mamiya 645 is one of the most iconic medium format film cameras ever made. First introduced in 1975, the Mamiya 645 helped make medium format photography accessible to a wider range of photographers. With its combination of professional features, medium format image quality, and relatively affordable price point, the Mamiya 645 became a favorite of enthusiasts and professionals alike.

In this in-depth review, we’ll take a close look at the features and functionality of the Mamiya 645 system. We extensively tested the Mamiya 645 for over a year to provide a comprehensive perspective on using this classic film camera in today’s landscape. Read on for our thoughts on the Mamiya 645’s design, image quality, handling, lenses, and more.

Overview of the Mamiya 645 System

The Mamiya 645 is a medium format single lens reflex (SLR) film camera that shoots 6×4.5cm images on 120 or 220 film. Compared to full frame 35mm, the 645’s larger negative provides over 2.5x the surface area, allowing for finer detail, sharper images, and improved tonality.

Some key specs of the Mamiya 645 system:

• Interchangeable lenses with Mamiya’s own bayonet mount
• Film formats: 120 roll film providing 15 exposures or 220 roll film providing 30 exposures
• Standard 80mm f/2.8 lens with Seiko #1 leaf shutter with speeds from 8 sec to 1/500 sec
• Available waist-level and eye-level viewfinders
• Integrated light meter with match needle system
• Interchangeable film backs
• Rugged, professional metal construction
• Removable pistol grip and hand strap

The Mamiya 645 provides medium format quality in a portable SLR body without the bulk and weight of larger studio cameras like the Mamiya RB67 or RZ67. The Mamiya 645 delivers virtually all of the immense benefits of 120 film while retaining the familiar handling of 35mm SLRs. If you’ve been eager to make the jump to medium format but have found larger cameras unwieldy, the Mamiya 645 strikes an appealing balance.

Over its long production history from 1975 to 1995, the Mamiya 645 saw many revisions and improvements while retaining the same core body and lens mount. Early models include the original Mamiya 645, the Mamiya 645 1000S, and Mamiya 645 Super. Later pro-level models like the Mamiya 645 Pro TL and Mamiya 645 AFD expanded capabilities for professional work. The different generations of the Mamiya 645 provide similar imaging qualities while adding convenient new features and refinements.

Image Quality from the 645 Format

The most important aspect of any camera is the image quality it can deliver. The Mamiya 645 stands out in the medium format film camera world for its exceptional balance of image quality, handling, size, and cost.

The 6×4.5cm frame is around 2.5x the size of 35mm film, providing a huge boost in resolution, clarity, and tonality compared to full frame 35mm cameras. The Mamiya 645’s square 6cm x 4.5cm images contain far more detail than 24mm x 36mm 35mm images. Medium format film also renders images with smoother tonality and transitions between shadows and highlights.

Compared to even larger medium format systems like the Mamiya RZ67 (6x7cm) or Hasselblad V System (6x6cm), the Mamiya 645 provides much of the same image quality advantages in a smaller, lighter package. While maximizing negative size has benefits, the 645 format strikes an excellent balance of quality and portability.

We found the Mamiya 645 delivers incredibly detailed, sharp images full of texture and dimension. Photos showcase the signature smooth tonality and reduced grain of medium format film. The 645 format is particularly well-suited for portraiture, landscape photography, product photography, and other applications where resolution, clarity, and tone are paramount.

Overall, the exceptional image quality of the 645 format makes the Mamiya 645 a fantastic choice for both enthusiasts seek medium format on a budget and professionals looking for an affordable, portable camera for client work. The Mamiya 645 delivers virtually all the image quality benefits of medium format film without the bulk of larger systems.

Handling and Ergonomics

Compared to large studio-oriented medium format SLRs, the Mamiya 645 feels nimble and easy to handle thanks to its relatively compact size. The Mamiya 645 tips the scales at just 1,000g, making it easy to carry around all day without fatigue. By contrast, the Mamiya RZ67 is nearly three times as heavy at 2,750g.

The body dimensions are 156mm x 106mm x 84mm (6.1 x 4.2 x 3.3 inches), giving the Mamiya 645 a slim profile similar to 35mm SLR bodies. Photographers with smaller hands may find the slimmer body more comfortable for extended shooting compared to bulkier medium format models.

The control layout features an intuitive design similar to 35mm SLRs, with the shutter speed dial on the left shoulder and aperture control on the lens barrel. Photographers transitioning from 35mm will quickly feel at home with the Mamiya 645’s handling. The shutter release, film advance lever, and other controls are conveniently located for easy operation.

The Mamiya 645 viewfinder provides a bright, clear view that makes composition and manual focus easy. Waist-level and prism viewfinders were available depending on user preference. The waist-level finder allows you to look down into the camera for unique perspectives, while the prism finder provides an eye-level SLR-style view.

Overall, we found the Mamiya 645’s handling to be superb for a medium format camera. The relatively compact size and familiar control layout allow you to work quickly and intuitively. The Mamiya 645 feels like an oversized 35mm SLR, retaining approachable handling while providing medium format quality.

Classic Mamiya 645 Lenses

One of the Mamiya 645’s standout features is its range of high-performance interchangeable lenses. Mamiya offered an extensive system of 645-mount lenses covering wide angles, normals, telephotos, zooms, and speciality optics.

The standard 80mm f/2.8 lens included with the Mamiya 645 provides a versatile normal perspective equivalent to a 50mm lens on 35mm. The fast f/2.8 maximum aperture enables focusing in dim light and soft, creamy background blur. The Seiko leaf shutter provides flash sync up to 1/500s along with quiet, vibration-free operation.

In addition to the 80mm standard lens, some of the most popular Mamiya 645 lenses include:

• 50mm f/4 wide angle – equivalent to 35mm on full frame
• 65mm f/4 macro – 1:3 magnification ratio for close-up photography
• 105mm f/2.8 – classic short telephoto portrait lens
• 150mm f/3.5 – great for portraits and telephoto work
• 45-90mm f/4.5 zoom – versatile 3x zoom range

Mamiya 645 lenses deliver outstanding sharpness, tonality, and color rendition taking full advantage of the 645 format. The optical quality easily meets professional standards. Focusing is buttery smooth and precise thanks to the long focus throws. Robust metal construction ensures lasting performance.

Having a range of lenses to choose from is one of the big advantages of the Mamiya 645 system. You can build a kit tailored to your desired applications, whether that’s sweeping landscapes, intimate portraits, expansive architecture, or tight product shots.

Camera Models and Major Features

The original Mamiya 645 of 1975 kickstarted the 645 line and introduced the core body design. It featured a flip-up waist level finder, a built-in light meter, a single shutter speed dial, and support for interchangeable lenses and backs. The original model established the Mamiya 645 as the world’s first compact, affordable 645 SLR system.

The Mamiya 645 1000S of 1976 added a fast 1/1000s top shutter speed along with mirror lock-up for reducing vibrations. It also introduced support for TTL autoexposure. The 1000S refined the original model with incremental improvements to usability and flexibility.

1980’s Mamiya 645 Super further improved upon the 1000S with added focusing aids in the viewfinder and the introduction of optional auto winders. The Super firmly established the Mamiya 645 as a top choice for professionals seeking an affordable medium format camera. It cemented the line’s reputation for excellent handling to match its superb optics.

The Mamiya 645 Pro TL launched in 1988 as the new professional-grade model in the line. It added advanced TTL metering, exposure compensation, and additional focusing aids to the viewfinder. The Pro TL also introduced mirror lock-up, self-timers, and auto-bracketing for greater flexibility.

Finally, 1997’s Mamiya 645 AFD (auto focus) model brought autofocus capability to the Mamiya 645 system along with automated film winding and advances in metering. While lacking the tactile control of manual focus models, the AFD opened up the Mamiya 645 to new users and applications.

While features varied across models, all generations of the Mamiya 645 provide the same exceptional 645 format image quality. More recent professional models added capabilities for convenience, though the manual focus 1000S and Super remain popular choices today.

Shooting with the Mamiya 645

Using the Mamiya 645 camera is in many ways similar to larger professional 35mm SLRs, just on a bigger scale. Experienced film photographers will quickly feel at home with the Mamiya 645’s logical control layout.

To begin, load your 120 or 220 film into the removable film back, taking care not to expose the film. Attach the metered prism or waist-level finder, then mount your desired lens. Cock the shutter and check that your exposure settings are reset.

Next, power on the light meter and verify your battery status. Compose your shot using the viewfinder, rotating the camera for vertical or horizontal orientations. Dial in your desired shutter speed on the top left dial, then adjust the aperture ring on the lens. Refer to the match needle display in the finder to set your exposure.

For critical focus, use the focusing aids and magnifier built into the viewfinder. One technique is to focus recompose by focusing on your subject, then recomposing your framing before firing the shutter.

When ready, gently squeeze the shutter release. The leaf shutter will fire with a whisper, freezing your exposure. Crank the film advance lever to advance to the next frame. The film back displays frame numbers in the window so you can track your remaining exposures.

Overall, shooting the Mamiya 645 will feel very familiar for experienced photographers. While larger than 35mm SLRs, the Mamiya 645 retains that same manual hands-on shooting experience so many film lovers enjoy. Just remember that the 645 format results in a much greater level of image quality and creative flexibility compared to full frame 35mm.

Shooting Impressions and Review

We had the opportunity to extensively shoot with the Mamiya 645 and various lenses for the past year. Here are some of our thoughts on the shooting experience:

• The image quality blew us away – incredibly detailed, tonally rich 645 negatives
• Very intuitive handling, especially for experienced 35mm shooters
• Lightweight and compact compared to bulkier medium format SLRs
• Waist-level finder is great for unique perspectives at unusual angles
• Bright focusing screen with ample focusing aids for easy composition
• Leaf shutters are whisper quiet and vibration-free
• Shutter speed and aperture dials provide precise manual control
• Film backs make swapping between 120 and 220 a breeze
• All controls feel sturdy and dialed-in with robust metal construction
• Nice system of lenses from ultra-wide to telephoto for versatility
• Tripod mount lined up perfectly for seamless shooting on a tripod

Overall, we found the Mamiya 645 to be an absolute pleasure to shoot with. It provides medium format quality in a highly ergonomic package. Handling is fantastic, the optics are stunning, and the results spoke for themselves. Any photographer who enjoys deliberate, hands-on shooting will love the Mamiya 645 experience.

Buying a Mamiya 645 in Today’s Market

Thanks to its popularity and long production run, Mamiya 645s are readily available on the used market. Prices range from around $300-800 USD for a Mamiya 645 body depending on condition, model, and included accessories. Be sure to factor in budget for lenses, film, and development costs as well.

Some tips for buying a Mamiya 645:

• Inspect carefully for issues like scratched optics, dented bodies, sticky shutter curtains and aperture blades
• Test all shutter speeds for consistent exposures
• Check the light meter and match needle system for operation
• Examine the focusing screen for fungus, dust, or separation
• Try all camera controls like shutter, advance lever, film door to ensure smooth function
• Evaluate lens condition – clean glass, smooth focus, working aperture
• Be prepared to CLA service worn components like light seals, mirror dampening
• Check lens mount, film back, and tripod socket for dents or damage

Common issues on older Mamiyas like sticky shutters, dim viewfinders, flaky meters, or de-laminating focusing screens can often be repaired via CLA (clean, lubricate, adjust) service. With some maintenance, a Mamiya 645 can easily deliver decades of reliable use.

Overall, the Mamiya 645 delivers tremendous value for the cost when you consider its exceptional image quality. With some searching you can often find bodies with lenses and accessories for under $1000 USD, making it one of the most affordable ways to shoot medium format film. The Mamiya 645 is built to withstand years of professional use, so buying a clean used model is a smart investment in your photography.

Is the Mamiya 645 Still Worth Buying Today?

If you love the hands-on process and unmatched image quality of film photography, then the Mamiya 645 remains an outstanding choice even in today’s digital era. Medium format film maintains a unique appeal that simply can’t be replicated digitally, and the Mamiya 645 provides an accessible gateway into the format.

Some key reasons why the Mamiya 645 remains a compelling option today:

• Film cameras can be acquired inexpensively as fewer shoot film today
• Timeless manual shooting experience with full creative control
• Continued support for processing and scanning 120 film
• Unique tactile experience and workflows of film photography
• Gorgeous tonality, resolution, and rendition of medium format film
• Excellent value compared to high-end digital medium format gear
• Durable, mechanically simple construction built to last decades

While autofocus and other automated functionality can be convenient, the Mamiya 645’s manual focus and aperture controls provide a deeply engaging shooting experience. The measured, intentional process of working with film provides satisfaction you simply can’t get from digital.

Despite the dominance of digital, film continues to thrive thanks to dedicated enthusiasts and professionals. And the Mamiya 645 remains a top choice for those seeking medium format image quality and creative flexibility at an affordable price point.

Mamiya 645 vs Other Medium Format Systems

The Mamiya 645 goes up against some stiff competition in the medium format film camera market. How does it compare to rivals?

Mamiya 645 vs Hasselblad V System:

• Hasselblad is known for unrivaled lenses and build; Mamiya is more affordable yet still excellent optics and construction
• Hasselblad 6×6 square images; Mamiya 6×4.5 with slight crop factor
• Mamiya body interchangeable lenses; Hasselblad fixed lens on bodies
• Mamiya SLR style; Hasselblad waist-level viewfinder
• Both fantastic systems, Hasselblad commands higher prices for the prestige

Mamiya 645 vs Pentax 645:

• Pentax autofocus; Mamiya manual focus only until AFD model
• Pentax built-in TTL meter; Mamiya’s meter, removable prism finder
• Pentax higher flash sync 1/125s; Mamiya 1/500s with leaf shutters
• Pentax eye-level finder only; Mamiya offers waist-level finder options
• Pentax accepts 35mm lenses with adapter; Mamiya lenses only
• Pentax received higher reputation in the US; Mamiya was more popular abroad

Mamiya 645 vs Mamiya RB/RZ67:

• RB/RZ67 6×7 medium format; Mamiya 645 6×4.5 images
• RB/RZ67 much larger and heavier bodies; 645 lighter and more portable
• RB/RZ67 ideal for studio; 645 better suited for location work
• RB/RZ67 only waist-level finders; 645 also has eye-level prism options
• RB/RZ67 purely manual operation; 645 introduced automation in later models
• RB/RZ67 modular design; 645 self-contained interconnected design

The Mamiya 645 stands on its own with its excellent balance of image quality, handling, size, and flexible system. While alternatives like Hasselblad offer unrivaled prestige or Pentax provides more automation, the Mamiya 645 remains a proven choice for both aspiring and professional photographers.

Mamiya 645 Accessories and Shooting Tips

Beyond the core camera body and lenses, the Mamiya 645 system benefits from a diverse ecosystem of accessories. Here we’ll explore some of the top Mamiya 645 accessories along with tips for getting the most out of this medium format classic.

Power Drive Accessories

One shortcoming of the manual focus Mamiya 645 is the need to manually advance film and cock the shutter between each shot. Power winders and motor drives speed up the process for efficiency.

Mamiya Auto Winder M: Attaches to the bottom of the body to provide single-shot auto film advance. Requires four AA batteries.

Mamiya Power Drive 1: Integrated vertical grip with double-stroke auto film advance up to 1.5 fps. Takes six AA batteries.

Mamiya AFD Pro Drive: Advanced auto winder providing 3.5 fps shooting. Designed for AFD but can be adapted to work with 645 Pro TL.

Power drives make the Mamiya 645 much more reactive for fast-paced shooting applications like events or sports.

Prism and Waist-Level Viewfinders

The Mamiya 645 accepts interchangeable finders to suit different styles of shooting.

Mamiya Prism Finders: Eye-level SLR-style viewing for precision framing and focusing. AE Prism III metering finder offers the most advanced metering and shooting info display.

Waist-Level Finders: Flip-up screen allows waist-level shooting at unique angles. Magnifier aids precise focus. Available in metered and non-metered versions.

Try combining a prism and waist-level finder to benefit from both eye-level and waist-level perspectives.

Flash Accessories

Thanks to leaf shutter lenses, the Mamiya 645 can sync flash at all shutter speeds up to 1/500s. Some recommended flashes include:

• Metz 54MZ-3i: Powerful Metz hammerhead flash with advanced features
• Quantum Qflash T5d-R: Reliable high-power studio strobe
• Nikon SB-800: Full-featured multi-mode speedlight with wireless TTL
• Lightscoop: Soft pop-up bounce flash diffuser for portable direct flash

Tripods, Releases, and Grips

Solid camera support enables tack-sharp landscape and studio images. Convenient accessories also improve handling.

• Tripod: A sturdy, precise ballhead tripod like the Slik 700DX or Manfrotto 055XPROB is ideal
• Cable Release: Mechanical cable releases reduce vibration for sharp long exposures
• Soft Release Button: Upgrade the shutter button for more sensitivity
• Handgrip: Add a handgrip like the Mamiya A345 for improved ergonomics and balance

Mamiya 645 Shooting Tips

Mastering medium format photography requires practice and technique. Here are some tips for getting the most out of your Mamiya 645:

• Carefully meter and focus for maximum image quality – the 645 format is less forgiving than 35mm
• Utilize the magnified microprism focusing aids in the viewfinder for critical focus
• Use depth of field preview to confirm your focus plane – F2.8 gives little margin for error
• Enable mirror lock-up on later models to reduce vibration for ultra-sharp landscapes and macros
• Shoot a test roll to calibrate your meter before important shoots
• Carry multiple backs preloaded with different ISOs to quickly adapt to changing light
• Use live view panels and loupes when shooting product or still life work
• Take time to master and visualize the 645 format – it sees the world differently than 35mm

With practice and sound technique, you can consistently produce incredible images worthy of the Mamiya 645’s medium format legacy.

Final Thoughts on the Legendary Mamiya 645

Few cameras can match the iconic status of the Mamiya 645. By bringing 645 format image quality to the masses at an unprecedented price point, the Mamiya 645 helped catalyze the medium format revolution. Its approachable handling, outstanding optics, and legendary longevity cemented its place as one of the most influential cameras of the 20th century.

Decades later, the Mamiya 645 remains a fantastic film camera choice for artists and professionals alike. It delivers virtually all the image quality advantages of medium format while retaining compact, ergonomic handling. While high-end digital has made great strides, the Mamiya 645 still provides an unrivaled shooting experience paired with the unmatched tonality and rendering of 120 film.

FAQ – Mamiya 645